Monad Parallel Execution & MonadDb Profiler
Unlike legacy EVM chains that process transactions one by one, Monad executes hundreds of transactions concurrently using Optimistic Concurrency Control (OCC) and persists state in MonadDb with asynchronous SSD kernel-bypass I/O.
MonadDb Asynchronous SSD I/O Telemetry
Custom optimized B-Tree with kernel io_uring async I/O (Bypasses OS buffer cache bottlenecks)
OCC Execution Pipeline
Block #580314611Execution Wave Breakdown
Transactions executed in concurrent waves to minimize sequential dependency latency
| Wave | Txs Processed | Conflicts | Retries | Execution Latency |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wave #1 | 189 txs | 5 | 5 | 199.9 ms |
| Wave #2 | 189 txs | 5 | 5 | 208.6 ms |
| Wave #3 | 189 txs | 5 | 5 | 233.6 ms |
| Wave #4 | 189 txs | 5 | 5 | 250.0 ms |
| Wave #5 | 189 txs | 5 | 5 | 280.0 ms |
๐ฅ Hot Storage Slot Heatmap
Contention RadarTop state slots accessed simultaneously by multiple concurrent transactions
โก Interactive OCC Batch Simulator
Simulate how Monad dynamically splits transactions into concurrent execution waves based on state storage slot contention:
๐ก How Monad's Parallel EVM Outperforms Traditional Sequential Blockchains
1. Optimistic Concurrency Control
Standard EVMs like Ethereum process one transaction at a time. Monad schedules all incoming transactions across multiple CPU cores simultaneously. Transactions execute optimistically and record read/write memory logs. If conflicts occur on the same storage slot, only the colliding transaction re-runs.
2. MonadDb Kernel Bypass SSD
Ethereum nodes use RocksDB or LevelDB which suffer from POSIX file locks and Linux page-cache contention. Monad built a custom trie storage engine (`MonadDb`) that uses kernel-bypass asynchronous I/O (`io_uring`), enabling 50,000+ IOPS with 0.08ms read latencies.
3. 100% Bytecode Compatibility
Developers do NOT need to learn new languages, rewrite contracts for parallel state access, or manage account locking. Any Solidity or Vyper contract deployed on Ethereum or Avalanche runs out-of-the-box with full 10,000 TPS speedup.